| In decapodiforms the dorsal margin of the mantle may be free (i.e., no head fusion) or it may join with the head by the narrow fusion of the nuchal locking-apparatus, or it may fuse broadly (Fig. on right) with the head, which is somewhat similar to the situation in octopods. |  Figure. A - Dorsal view of Iridoteuthis iris (Fam. Sepiolidae), modified from Naef, 1921-23. B - Dorsal view of Euprymna stenodactyla (Fam. Sepiolidae), modified from Voss, 1963. |
| The photographs illustrate all three cases: A free dorsal mantle margin (Fig. A); the dorsal mantle fused at the nuchal locking-apparatus (Fig. B at arrow) and the dorsal mantle margin broadly fused to the head (Fig. C between arrows). |  Figure. A - Heteroteuthis hawaiiensis (Fam. Sepiolidae). B - Megalocranchia fisheri (Fam. Cranchiidae). C - Euprymna scolopes (Fam. Sepiolidae). Photographs © R. Young. |
Cephalopod Dorsal Head-Mantle Fusion
Richard E. Young, Michael Vecchione, and Katharina M. Mangold (1922-2003)References
Naef, A. 1921-23. Cephalopoda. Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel. Monograph, no. 35. English translation: A. Mercado (1972). Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd., Jerusalem, Israel. 863pp., IPST Cat. No. 5110/1,2.
Voss, G. L. 1963. Cephalopods of the Philippine Islands. Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 234: 1-180.
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University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. C. , USA
Katharina M. Mangold (1922-2003)
Laboratoire Arago, Banyuls-Sur-Mer, France
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Cephalopod Dorsal Head-Mantle Fusion
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