Ponerinae
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close boxCharacteristics
The Ponerinae are characterized by the following apomorphies (Bolton 2003):- Torulus completely fused to frontal lobe
- Outer borders of frontal lobes form simple short semicircles or blunt triangles and in full-face view have a distinctly pinched-in appearance posteriorly
References
Bolton, B. 1994. Identification Guide to the Ant Genera of the World. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Bolton, B. 1995. A New General Catalogue of the Ants of the World. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Bolton, B. 2003. Synopsis and Classification of Formicidae. 370 pp. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, Vol. 71. Gainesville, FL.
Brown, W. L., Jr. 1973. A comparison of the Hylean and Congo-West African rain forest ant faunas. Pp 161-185 in: Meggers, B. J., E. S. Ayensu, and W. D. Duckworth (eds). Tropical Forest Ecosystems in Africa and South America: a Comparative Review: 350 pp. Washington, D. C.
Hölldobler, B. and E. O. Wilson. 1990. The Ants. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J. 1976. Ant larvae: review and synthesis. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington 74: 1-108.
Title Illustrations
| Scientific Name | Pachycondyla (Bothroponera) comorensis |
|---|---|
| Location | Madagascar |
| Sex | Female |
| Life Cycle Stage | Worker |
| Copyright |
© 2004 Alex Wild
|
| Scientific Name | Leptogenys attenuata |
|---|---|
| Location | South Africa |
| Comments | Worker with larva and pupae |
| Sex | Female |
| Life Cycle Stage | Worker, larva, pupae |
| Copyright |
© 2003 Alex Wild
|
| Scientific Name | Odontomachus haematodus |
|---|---|
| Location | Paraguay |
| Comments | One of two ponerine trapjaw genera |
| Sex | Female |
| Life Cycle Stage | Worker |
| Copyright |
© 2003 Alex Wild
|
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Ponerinae.
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- First online 20 March 2004
Citing this page:
Tree of Life Web Project. 2004. Ponerinae. Version 20 March 2004 (temporary). http://tolweb.org/Ponerinae/22215/2004.03.20 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/
